2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
  4. DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

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RNA synthesis, which is also called DNA transcription, is a highly selective process. Transcription by RNA polymerase II extends beyond RNA synthesis, towards a more active role in mRNA maturation, surveillance and export to the cytoplasm.

Single-strand breaks are repaired by DNA ligase using the complementary strand of the double helix as a template, with DNA ligase creating the final phosphodiester bond to fully repair the DNA.DNA ligases discriminate against substrates containing RNA strands or mismatched base pairs at positions near the ends of the nickedDNA. Bleomycin (BLM) exerts its genotoxicity by generating free radicals, whichattack C-4′ in the deoxyribose backbone of DNA, leading to opening of the ribose ring and strand breakage; it is an S-independentradiomimetic agent that causes double-strand breaks in DNA.

First strand cDNA is synthesized using random hexamer primers and M-MuLV Reverse Transcriptase (RNase H). Second strand cDNA synthesis is subsequently performed using DNA Polymerase I and RNase H. The remaining overhangs are converted into blunt ends using exonuclease/polymerase activity. After adenylation of the 3′ ends of DNA fragments, NEBNext Adaptor with hairpin loop structure is ligated to prepare the samples for hybridization. Cell cycle and DNA replication are the top two pathways regulated by BET bromodomain inhibition. Cycloheximide blocks the translation of mRNA to protein.

DNA/RNA Synthesis Isoform Specific Products:

DNA/RNA Synthesis Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-100468
    REV7/REV3L-IN-1
    		Inhibitor 98.11%
    REV7/REV3L-IN-1 is a REV7/REV3L interaction inhibitor with an IC50 of 78 μM. REV7/REV3L-IN-1 binds directly to REV7 and inhibits its interaction with REV3L. REV7/REV3L-IN-1 inhibits interstrand crosslink repair in cells. REV7/REV3L-IN-1 chemosensitizes cancer cells to Cisplatin (HY-17394). REV7/REV3L-IN-1 can be used in cervical cancer research.
    REV7/REV3L-IN-1
  • HY-Y1055S3
    Guanine-15N5
    		Chemical 98%
    Guanine-15N5 is 15N labeled Guanine (HY-Y1055). Guanine is one of the fundamental components of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). Guanine is a purine derivative, consisting of a fused pyrimidine-imidazole ring system with conjugated double bonds. Guanine has the potential to serve as a large-capacity N pool. Guanine has cytotoxic, antinociceptive and neuroprotective effects.
    Guanine-<sup>15</sup>N<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-100538
    DTP3
    		Inhibitor 98.45%
    DTP3 TFA is a potent and selective GADD45β/MKK7 inhibitor. DTP3 TFA targets an essential, cancer-selective cell-survival module downstream of the NF-κB pathway.
    DTP3
  • HY-10444
    R-1479
    		Inhibitor 99.46%
    R-1479 (4'-Azidocytidine), a nucleoside analogue, is a specific inhibitor of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of HCV. R-1479 inhibits HCV replication in the HCV subgenomic replicon system (IC50=1.28 μM). R-1479 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Azide group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAc) with molecules containing Alkyne groups. It can also undergo strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) reactions with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups.
    R-1479
  • HY-132611
    Golodirsen
    		Inhibitor
    Golodirsen (SRP-4053) is an antisense oligonucleotide of the phophorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (PMO). Golodirsen restores the reading frame of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) gene by modifying the splicing process of the pre-mRNA, skipping exon 53. Golodirsen can restore the expression of the anti-myostatin protein. Golodirsen can be used for the research of duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).
    Golodirsen
  • HY-162471
    GSK_WRN3
    		Inhibitor 98.54%
    GSK_WRN3 is selective WRN helicase inhibitor (pIC50 = 8.6). SK_WRN3 can selectively inhibit the growth of microsatellite unstable (MSI) cancer cells, induce DNA damage, and cause cell cycle arrest. GSK_WRN3 has anti-tumor activity.
    GSK_WRN3
  • HY-145969A
    β-S-ARCA triammonium
    		99.48%
    β-S-ARCA (3'-O-Me-m7G(5')ppp(5')G) triammonium is a mRNA 7-methylguanosine (m7G) cap analog carrying a phosphorothioate (PS) moiety. β-S-ARCA triammonium binds eIF4E via electrostatic interactions between its β-sulfur atom and positively charged Arg and Lys residues in the protein binding site. β-S-ARCA triammonium prevents the decapping by Dcp2, increases the mRNA half-life, enhances cap-dependent translation, and increases protein expression in cells. β-S-ARCA triammonium has been applied in researching experimental mRNA-based anticancer vaccines.
    β-S-ARCA triammonium
  • HY-105336
    3-Deazauridine
    		Inhibitor 99.83%
    3-Deazauridine (NSC 126849) is a uridine analogue. 3-Deazauridine competitively inhibits cytidine triphosphate synthase to inhibit the biosynthesis of cytidine-5'-triphosphate. 3-Deazauridine acts synergistically with several antineoplastic agents, acting as a biological response modifier.
    3-Deazauridine
  • HY-116785
    BRD32048
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    BRD32048 is a direct binder of ETV1 with a KD of 17.1 μM. BRD32048 modulates both ETV1-mediated transcriptional activity and invasion of ETV1-driven cancer cells. BRD32048 inhibits ETV1 acetylation and promotes its degradation. BRD32048 acts as a top candidate ETV1 perturbagen.
    BRD32048
  • HY-173521
    JNJ-9676
    		Inhibitor 99.74%
    JNJ-9676 is an orally active Coronavirus M protein inhibitor and selective Sarbecovirus inhibitor. JNJ-9676 binds to the M protein dimer and forces the protein into an alternative conformational state with a compound-induced binding pocket. JNJ-9676 demonstrates in vitro nanomolar antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and Sarbecovirus strains from bat and pangolin zoonotic origin.
    JNJ-9676
  • HY-167832
    PT109
    		Inhibitor 99.20%
    PT109 is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable multi-kinase inhibitor. By inhibiting PTBP1, PT109 promotes the switch of pyruvate kinase isoform from PKM2 to PKM1, thereby effectively inhibiting the proliferation and migration of glioblastoma multiforme and inducing its reprogramming into oligodendrocytes. PT109 also targets and regulates key signaling molecules such as JNK, SGK1, GSK3β to exert neuroprotective effects including promoting neurogenesis, inducing synapse formation and alleviating neuroinflammation. In Alzheimer's disease models, PT109 exhibits significant efficacy in improving spatial learning ability, along with excellent in vivo pharmacokinetic properties. PT109 can be used to investigate metabolic reprogramming of glioblastoma multiforme and neuroprotective mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease.
    PT109
  • HY-106014
    Tezacitabine
    		Inhibitor 99.97%
    Tezacitabine is a cytostatic and cytotoxic antimetabolite and a nucleoside analogue. Tezacitabine irreversibly inhibits the ribonucleotide reductase and interferes with DNA replication and repair. Tezacitabine effectively induces cells apoptotic. Tezacitabine has the potential for leukemias and solid tumors (carcinomas) treatment.
    Tezacitabine
  • HY-W016041
    2-Amino-2'-deoxyadenosine
    		99.92%
    2-Amino-2'-deoxyadenosine is a deoxyribonucleoside used for the oligonucleotide synthesis.
    2-Amino-2'-deoxyadenosine
  • HY-135775
    BMVC
    		Inhibitor 98.40%
    BMVC is a potent G-quadruplex (G4) stabilizer and a selective telomerase inhibitor with an IC50 of ~0.2 μM. BMVC inhibits Taq DNA polymerase with an IC50 of ~2.5 μM. BMVC increases the melting temperature of G4 structure of telomere and accelerates telomere length shortening. Anticancer activities.
    BMVC
  • HY-131605B
    Ganciclovir triphosphate disodium
    		Inhibitor 98.65%
    Ganciclovir triphosphate (GCV-TP) disodium is a synthetic 2'-deoxyguanosine analog with activity in inhibiting human cytomegalovirus (CMV) replication. Ganciclovir triphosphate disodium is effective against CMV infection by binding to viral DNA polymerase and interfering with viral DNA synthesis. Ganciclovir triphosphate disodium has an IC50 of 0.01 μM against CMV strains from humans, monkeys, mice, and guinea pigs. Ganciclovir triphosphate disodium has also been used in gene-directed enzyme prodrug inhibition for cancer inhibition.
    Ganciclovir triphosphate disodium
  • HY-169993
    ALG-000184
    		Inhibitor 99.69%
    ALG-000184 is an orally effective inhibitor of hepatitis B virus (HBV), and it is also a prodrug of ALG-001075 (HY-177022). ALG-000184 can inhibit the production of HBV DNA in liver cells. ALG-000184 can be used in the research of chronic hepatitis B.
    ALG-000184
  • HY-W009538
    5'-Deoxy-5-fluorocytidine
    		99.91%
    5'-Deoxy-5-fluorocytidine (5-Fluoro-5'-deoxycytidine) is a cytidine analog and metabolite of Capecitabine (HY-B0016). 5'-Deoxy-5-fluorocytidine is converted from Capecitabine by carboxylesterase in the liver. 5'-Deoxy-5-fluorocytidine is deaminated by cytidine deaminase to generate 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine, which is finally converted into 5-fluorouracil (HY-90006) by thymidine phosphorylase in tumor tissues to exert anti-tumor effects. 5'-Deoxy-5-fluorocytidine is used in the researches for solid tumors such as colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer and breast cancer.
    5'-Deoxy-5-fluorocytidine
  • HY-175238
    KI-DX-014
    		Inhibitor 99.87%
    KI-DX-014 is a DDX21 inhibitor with high RNA-binding inhibitory activity (IC50 of 3.31 μM). KI-DX-014 targets DDX21’s intrinsically disordered C-terminal domain, inhibits DDX21-structured RNA interaction, modulates DDX21’s RNA-dependent ATPase activity, and disrupts DDX21 biomolecular condensate formation. KI-DX-014 attenuates in vitro P-TEFb release from the 7SK snRNP complex, suppresses P-TEFb-dependent RNA polymerase II CTD phosphorylation, and induces developmental defects in zebrafish embryos. KI-DX-014 acts as a chemical probe for dissecting DDX21 functions in normal physiology and disease states. KI-DX-014 can be used for cancers and neurodegenerative disorders research.
    KI-DX-014
  • HY-N0430A
    Coptisine Sulfate
    		99.37%
    Coptisine Sulfate is an orally active and brain-penetrant alkaloid found in Coptis chinensis. Coptisine Sulfate is a reversible, uncompetitive IDO inhibitor with a Ki of 5.8 μM and an IC50 of 6.3 μM. Coptisine Sulfate suppresses neuroinflammation, reduces Aβ plaque burden and shows neuroprotective activity. Coptisine Sulfate shows anti-inflammation activity by blocking NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt activation. Coptisine Sulfate inhibits cancer cells proliferation, induces DNA damage, G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction. Coptisine Sulfate inhibits Rho/ROCK pathway activation, reduces arrhythmia, limits cardiac injury marker release, reduces infarct size, and preserves cardiac function in rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion models. Coptisine Sulfate downregulates HMGCR and upregulates LDLR and CYP7A1 to modulate cholesterol metabolism, reduces abnormal serum lipid levels, and promotes fecal bile acid excretion. Coptisine Sulfate be used for the research of cancer, hypercholesterolemia, Alzheimer’s disease, inflammatory disorders and cardiovascular disease.
    Coptisine Sulfate
  • HY-108858
    Dornase alfa
    Dornase alfa (rhDNase) is a recombinant human deoxyribonuclease I (rhDNase) that can specifically degrade extracellular DNA. Dornase alfa catalyzes the cleavage of DNA released by neutrophils in respiratory mucus, reduces sputum viscosity, thereby improving mucus clearance efficiency, reducing airway obstruction and alleviating inflammatory responses. Dornase alfa can be used to improve lung function (such as FEV_1) in cystic fibrosis (CF), reduce the risk of acute pulmonary exacerbations, and has good in vivo tolerability. Dornase alfa acts locally on the respiratory tract through aerosol inhalation, specifically improving the high viscosity of mucus caused by DNA accumulation and related respiratory symptoms.
    Dornase alfa
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
DNA/RNA Synthesis Isoform Comparison

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